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Brazil in numbers

Brazil's main indicators from official sources, in one place: inflation, interest rates, the dollar, jobs, GDP, population and more. Each number leads to a page with history, explanation and source.

Population of Brazil · estimate 214,467,154 IBGE estimate for 2026, projected with last year's growth (2,165 people a day, on average). It is a projection, not a head count.
Wealth generated in 2026 since January 1 · estimate R$ 10,792,485,392,171 GDP of the last 4 quarters to Q2 2026 (R$ 13.19 trillion), spread per second. It is an estimate: the actual GDP for 2026 is only published after the year ends.

Highlights

Inflation (IPCA)4.58%−0.60 pp in 12 monthsSep 2026Selic rate13.75%−1.25 pp in 12 monthsOct 2026US dollarR$ 5.50+2.2% in 12 monthsOct 26, 2026Unemployment5.3%−0.30 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Minimum wageR$ 1,621.00+6.8% in 12 monthsOct 2026GDPR$ 13.19 trillion+7.2% in 12 monthsQ2 2026

Inflation, month by month

Monthly IPCA, last 12 months0.09Oct0.18Nov0.33Dec0.33Jan0.70Feb0.88Mar0.67Apr0.58May0.16Jun0.07Jul-0.32Aug0.82Sep

Monthly IPCA, in %, last 12 months. Source: IBGE, via the Central Bank of Brazil.

IPCA over 12 months4.58%

The IPCA, Brazil's official inflation rate, rose 4.58% over the 12 months to Sep 2026. A year earlier, the 12-month figure was 5.17%.

See the full IPCA →

Prices and interest rates

Inflation (IPCA)4.58%−0.60 pp in 12 monthsSep 2026IGP-M3.35%+0.52 pp in 12 monthsSep 2026Selic rate13.75%−1.25 pp in 12 monthsOct 2026US dollarR$ 5.50+2.2% in 12 monthsOct 26, 2026Inflation (INPC)4.29%−0.80 pp in 12 monthsSep 2026

Market expectations

Inflation expectations (current year)5.19%Oct 2026Inflation expectations (next year)4.34%Oct 2026Selic expectations (end of next year)11.75%Oct 2026GDP growth expectations (current year)1.80%Oct 2026

Work and income

Unemployment5.3%−0.30 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Minimum wageR$ 1,621.00+6.8% in 12 monthsOct 2026Average incomeR$ 3,777+3.7% in 12 monthsAug 2026Informality37.5%−0.50 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Employed people103.5 million+1.0% in 12 monthsAug 2026Unemployed people5.8 million−4.9% in 12 monthsAug 2026Labor force109.3 million+0.7% in 12 monthsAug 2026Outside the labor force66.4 million+0.9% in 12 monthsAug 2026Labor force participation62.2%−0.10 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Employment rate58.9%+0.10 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Labor underutilization13.1%−1.00 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Underemployment (hours)4.1%−0.40 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Discouraged workers2.4 million−11.9% in 12 monthsAug 2026Total labor incomeR$ 385.6 bn+4.8% in 12 monthsAug 2026Hours worked39.1 hours−0.1 h in 12 monthsQ2 2026

Employment by job type

10 indicators
Signed work card39.5 millionAug 2026No work card13.7 millionAug 2026Self-employed26.1 millionAug 2026Domestic workers5.5 millionAug 2026Public sector13.0 millionAug 2026Employers4.4 millionAug 2026Unpaid family workers1.3 millionAug 2026Self-employed with CNPJ7.3 millionAug 2026Self-employed without CNPJ18.9 millionAug 2026Informal workers38.8 millionAug 2026

Employment by sector

10 indicators
Agriculture8.0 millionAug 2026Industry13.3 millionAug 2026Construction7.7 millionAug 2026Commerce19.2 millionAug 2026Transport6.3 millionAug 2026Accommodation and food5.5 millionAug 2026Information, finance and professional services13.1 millionAug 2026Public administration, education and health19.4 millionAug 2026Other services5.4 millionAug 2026Household services5.5 millionAug 2026

Income by job type

5 indicators
Income: signed work cardR$ 3,399Aug 2026Income: no work cardR$ 2,612Aug 2026Income: self-employedR$ 3,158Aug 2026Income: domestic workersR$ 1,471Aug 2026Income: public sectorR$ 5,556Aug 2026

Economic activity

GDPR$ 13.19 trillion+7.2% in 12 monthsQ2 2026IBC-Br (activity)110.4+1.4% in 12 monthsAug 2026Industrial production111.7−1.2% in 12 monthsAug 2026Retail sales107.6+0.4% in 12 monthsAug 2026

Public finances and households

Gross debt (% of GDP)82.87%+5.56 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Household debt49.86%+1.08 pp in 12 monthsJul 2026Credit defaults5.04%+0.90 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Net debt (% of GDP)69.27%+5.22 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026Primary balance (% of GDP)-0.62%−0.43 pp in 12 monthsAug 2026

External accounts

International reservesUS$ 364.8 billion+2.1% in 12 monthsOct 2026Trade balanceUS$ 74.3 billion+US$ 20.7 bn in 12 monthsSep 2026

Society

Population214,211,951+0.4% in 12 months2026Gini index0.511+0.007 points in 12 months2025

Brazil by state

Population, municipalities and indicators for the 27 states, with map and ranking: see all states.

Where the numbers come from

The data come from official sources: IBGE (inflation, jobs, GDP, population, Gini) and the Central Bank of Brazil (interest rates, exchange rate, reserves, debt, credit). Each page states the series used and the date of the latest data point. Data updated on Oct 26, 2026; the base is refreshed after each release by the sources. Counter values are estimates and are labeled as such.

License: You may copy and republish the data and charts, including commercially, under the CC BY 4.0 license. The condition is to credit "dadobruto.com" and, when published online, to link to dadobruto.com or to the page the data came from.